The year of 1964 stands as a pivotal moment in cinematic history, producing an extraordinary array of films that have since gone on to be considered classic. This was a year that saw filmmakers across the world pushing boundaries, exploring new narrative techniques, and addressing a spectrum of themes ranging from the deeply personal to the broadly political. From the haunting landscapes of Japanese cinema to the gritty stylings of the Western genre, each film on this list represents a unique artistic vision. These films are remarkable for their ability to encapsulate the essence of their time while continuing to resonate with audiences today. Without further ado, let’s take a look at the ten best films of 1964.
10. Intentions of Murder – Shōhei Imamura
“Intentions of Murder”, directed by Shōhei Imamura, is a gripping narrative centered around the character of Sadako, portrayed as a typical housewife whose life in a small Japanese town is marked by routine and simplicity. Her existence is abruptly disrupted when she becomes the victim of a home invasion and assault. This harrowing experience acts as a catalyst, thrusting her into a journey of self-reflection and confrontation with her own identity and place in society. The story evolves as Sadako grapples with the emotional and social complexities following the incident, navigating through a maze of conflicting emotions and altered perceptions of her own self.
The movie critically examines the roles and expectations imposed on women in 1960s Japan, highlighting the often unspoken struggles and the silent resilience required of them in a rapidly changing society. The cinematography and performances, particularly by the lead actress, whose portrayal of Sadako is both powerful and nuanced, adds depth to the character’s journey, elevating the film’s impact. “Intentions of Murder” stands out for its bold narrative and unflinching portrayal of a woman’s struggle against the rigid and often oppressive norms of society, offering a unique and compelling perspective on the challenges faced by women during this era.
9. A Fistful of Dollars – Sergio Leone
“A Fistful of Dollars” marks a significant moment in the Western genre, introducing audiences to the iconic “Man with No Name,” a character whose quiet intensity and moral ambiguity captivates viewers from his very first scene. Set in a Mexican border town torn apart by two feuding families, the film follows the Man with No Name as he manipulates both sides for his own gain. This clever ploy sets off a chain of events filled with twists and turns, keeping the audience on the edge of their seats. The narrative is a classic tale of greed, power, and betrayal, presented with Leone’s unique stylistic flair. Leone’s distinct vision is evident in every frame, from the stark landscapes to the close-up shots that intensify the drama.
Sergio Leone’s direction in “A Fistful of Dollars” showcases his ability to create a captivating visual experience. His use of wide-angle shots and extended scenes adds a dramatic tension to the film that is both engaging and visually striking. Ennio Morricone’s score complements the film’s atmosphere, with its haunting melodies that become almost a character in their own right, adding an unforgettable dimension to the narrative. The movie’s influence extends beyond its genre, impacting cinema worldwide with its distinct style and approach. The film not only inspired a slew of imitators but also elevated the Western genre to new artistic heights, ensuring its place as one of the best films of 1964.
8. Charulata – Satyajit Ray
In “Charulata,” directed by Satyajit Ray, the story takes place in 19th century Bengal and revolves around the life of Charulata, an intelligent and artistic woman confined within the walls of her husband’s affluent household. Her world begins to transform when her husband’s cousin, Amal, arrives to keep her company. Amal, an aspiring writer, becomes an intellectual companion for Charulata, igniting in her a passion for literature and creativity that had been dormant. The film navigates the growing bond between Charulata and Amal, set against the backdrop of an India at the cusp of modernity, with its societal shifts and cultural transformations.
Ray’s direction in “Charulata” is notable for its portrayal of complex human emotions and relationships. His ability to convey profound feelings through minimalistic dialogue and expressive cinematography enhances the storytelling. The film’s visual narrative, marked by Ray’s characteristic attention to detail, not only illustrates the physical setting but also mirrors the emotional landscape of the characters, bringing out the era’s cultural and environment. “Charulata” is celebrated for its artistic merit and its remarkable ability to explore and unravel the layers of the human psyche, making it a classic of Indian cinema.
7. Onibaba – Kaneto Shindō
“Onibaba,” directed by Kaneto Shindō, is set in the war-torn fourteenth-century Japan and tells a compelling story of survival and moral ambiguity. It portrays the harsh realities of life during a time when survival often meant resorting to unthinkable acts. The plot centers around two women who survive by killing samurai and selling their belongings. Their existence spirals further into darkness with the arrival of a mysterious masked samurai, leading to a series of events filled with suspense and psychological drama. The film masterfully blends elements of horror and historical narrative, using these genres to explore the psyche of its characters, creating a haunting yet captivating cinematic experience.
Shindō’s direction in “Onibaba” is renowned for its atmospheric tension and striking imagery. His visionary use of visual metaphors and contrasting shadows plays a significant role in amplifying the story’s intense emotions. The film’s stark landscapes and the use of natural elements like tall susuki grass not only serve as a backdrop but also as a representation of the characters’ entangled emotions and moral dilemmas. “Onibaba” stands as a landmark in Japanese cinema, not only for its folk horror elements but also for its profound exploration of human nature under extreme conditions, making it one of the best films of 1964.
6. The Umbrellas of Cherbourg – Jacques Demy
“The Umbrellas of Cherbourg,” directed by Jacques Demy, presents a vibrant and enthralling love story set in the picturesque French town of Cherbourg. This film stands out with its seamless blending of realistic settings and a fairy-tale-like ambiance, creating an enchanting world where everyday life meets the magical. The narrative focuses on the romance between Geneviève, a young umbrella shop assistant, and Guy, a mechanic. Their love faces challenges as Guy is drafted to serve in the Algerian War, leaving Geneviève behind. Their separation, a representation of the sacrifices and disruptions caused by war, casts a shadow of doubt and longing over their once hopeful future.
Demy’s film is known for its complete integration of dialogue into song, transforming the narrative into an operatic experience where emotions are not just spoken but sung, adding a layer of depth to the characters’ interactions. The cinematography, with its bold use of color, paints each scene with hues that reflect the mood and tone of the unfolding drama, complementing the emotional intensity of the story. The lead performances are both authentic and heartfelt, with the actors bringing a sense of vulnerability and earnestness to their roles. “The Umbrellas of Cherbourg” remains an iconic film, celebrated for its innovative style and its heartfelt portrayal of the joys and sorrows of love, hope, and heartache.
5. Yearning – Mikio Naruse
“Yearning,” directed by Mikio Naruse, is a moving portrayal of a widow, Reiko, who dedicates herself to sustaining a family-owned grocery store in post-war Japan. The plot portrays Reiko’s emotional journey as she navigates her relationships with her late husband’s family who depend on her, and a younger man, whose unexpected affection disrupts her settled life. She finds herself in a complex web of emotions and duty, leading to certain realizations and decisions. The film addresses themes of loyalty, tradition, and the many layers of human emotions. Naruse’s storytelling captures the subtle internal conflicts faced by Reiko, skillfully depicting her internal battle as she is torn between her own desires and her obligations to her family.
Naruse’s mastery in “Yearning” lies in his ability to convey profound emotions through understated and nuanced performances. The actors deliver performances that are deeply powerful, bringing authenticity to their roles with subtlety and grace. The cinematography and composition of each scene adds further depth to the narrative, visually echoing the emotional states of the characters. The film is a testament to Naruse’s skill in portraying strong, yet emotionally vulnerable women. “Yearning” stands out for its deep exploration of human emotions, particularly in the context of the societal and familial roles women often navigate, ensuring its place as one of the best films of 1964.
4. Kwaidan – Masaki Kobayashi
“Kwaidan,” directed by Masaki Kobayashi, is an anthology of four Japanese folk tales, each bringing life to the legends and myths of Japanese culture, exploring themes of the supernatural and the surreal. The stories range from the haunting tale of a samurai who receives a mysterious retribution for leaving his wife, to an eerie narrative of a man who encounters a spirit in a snowstorm. Each segment explores the supernatural folklore of Japan, immersing the audience in a world where the boundaries between the real and the unreal blur, creating an eerie and atmospheric experience. Kobayashi’s film is a journey through the spectral and the mysterious, employing cinematic techniques to showcase his unique ability to blend the eerie with the beautiful.
In “Kwaidan,” the careful attention to detail and the use of vibrant colors not only captivate the viewer’s imagination but also creates a dream-like quality that enhances each story’s otherworldly nature. These visual elements, combined with the set designs and costumes, transport the audience into a realm of folklore and fantasy. Kobayashi’s direction ensures that each tale maintains its own distinct narrative style while also contributing to the film’s overall thematic exploration of fear and the unknown. “Kwaidan” is celebrated for its artistic achievement and its innovative approach to storytelling, marking it as a visionary work in the genre of Japanese horror.
3. I Am Cuba – Mikhail Kalatozov
“I Am Cuba,” directed by Mikhail Kalatozov, is a visually stunning and emotional portrayal of the Cuban revolution, capturing the fervor of a nation on the brink of transformative change. The film is segmented into four distinct stories, each depicting the struggles and aspirations of different characters during the period leading up to the revolution. These stories range from the life of rural sugarcane workers to the bustling energy of urban Havana, from the plight of a peasant family to the disillusionment of a Havana club dancer. The film captures a wide spectrum of Cuban life and the revolutionary spirit, portraying the collective and individual journeys toward freedom and change.
Kalatozov’s direction in “I Am Cuba” is notable for its innovative cinematography and long takes that immerse the viewer in the vibrant world of Cuba. These technical choices not only enhance the storytelling but also bring a sense of realism and immediacy to the film. The visual style, characterized by fluid camera movements and striking contrasts, effectively captures the dynamic spirit of the Cuban experience. The storytelling style bridges individual narratives with the larger political and social upheaval of the era, providing a unique perspective on the Cuban revolution. “I Am Cuba” remains one of the best films of 1964, renowned for its artistic creativity and its profound ability to capture the essence of a pivotal moment in history.
2. Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb – Stanley Kubrick
“Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb,” directed by Stanley Kubrick, is a satirical take on the Cold War and the looming threat of nuclear conflict. Kubrick masterfully uses satire to highlight the absurdities of the political and military tactics of the time, creating a narrative that is both thought-provoking and darkly comic. The film centers around an unhinged U.S. Air Force General who orders a nuclear attack on the Soviet Union, setting off a chain of events that are as ludicrous as they are terrifying, prompting a series of absurd and darkly humorous attempts by politicians and military leaders to prevent the catastrophe.
Kubrick’s direction in “Dr. Strangelove” is marked by his characteristic wit and mastery of cinematic language. His ability to contrast dark themes with comedic elements creates a uniquely impactful viewing experience. The film’s black-and-white cinematography and stark set design not only enhance the timeless quality of the film but also contribute to the surreal and absurd atmosphere. The performances, particularly by Peter Sellers in multiple roles, showcase an extraordinary range of talent, as Sellers seamlessly transitions between characters, each more outlandish than the last, are both humorous and chilling, capturing the insanity of the Cold War era.
1. Woman in the Dunes – Hiroshi Teshigahara
“Woman in the Dunes,” directed by Hiroshi Teshigahara, is a unique exploration of existential themes set in a remote Japanese coastal village. The plot follows an entomologist who, while searching for rare insects, finds himself unexpectedly trapped in a deep sand pit where a young widow lives in a solitary house. Their encounter and subsequent interactions unravel in a manner that is both unsettling and deeply introspective. Forced to help the woman shovel sand to prevent the house from being engulfed, the man confronts the futility of his situation and the broader existential questions it raises, leading him to ponder the very nature of freedom and human purpose.
The direction in “Woman in the Dunes” is notable for its use of the sand dunes as a powerful visual metaphor for the characters’ emotional and psychological states, mirroring their internal turmoil and existential dread in the vast, enveloping landscape. The film’s black and white visuals not only heighten the sense of entrapment but also create a sense of claustrophobia and isolation, enhancing the existential themes. This visual style, coupled with the methodical pacing of the narrative, immerses the viewer in the characters’ psychological landscape. Woman in the Dunes” is celebrated for its artistic vision and its profound contemplation of human existence, rightfully earning its place as one of the best films of 1964.
Summary
To summarise, here are the ten best films of 1964:
- Intentions of Murder – Shōhei Imamura
- A Fistful of Dollars – Sergio Leone
- Charulata – Satyajit Ray
- Onibaba – Kaneto Shindō
- The Umbrellas of Cherbourg – Jacques Demy
- Yearning – Mikio Naruse
- Kwaidan – Masaki Kobayashi
- I Am Cuba – Mikhail Kalatozov
- Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb – Stanley Kubrick
- Woman in the Dunes – Hiroshi Teshigahara
