Shōhei Imamura, a distinguished figure in Japanese cinema, is celebrated for his raw and unapologetic approach to storytelling. His films, typically set in the post-war era, provide a candid look into the lives of the ordinary Japanese working class people, shining a spotlight on their struggles, desires, and resilience. Imamura’s unique narrative style blends realism with a touch of surrealism, offering a window into the struggles, joys, and underlying tensions of Japanese life. This article celebrates his remarkable contribution to cinema, showcasing films that are not only critical milestones in his career but also significant cultural contributions that continue to resonate with audiences worldwide. Without further ado, let’s take a look at the ten best Shōhei Imamura films of all time.
10. Endless Desire (1958)
“Endless Desire” takes place in post-war Japan, revolving around a group of small-time crooks scheming to unearth buried contraband. Their plan is complicated by the arrival of a mysterious woman, whose motives and connections to the contraband remain unclear. The film’s narrative carefully weaves her story with that of the crooks, adding layers of mystery and tension. As they dig deeper, both literally and figuratively, the group’s dynamics become strained under the weight of greed and suspicion. Each character’s decision echoes the larger theme of post-war desperation and moral ambiguity. This film masterfully blends elements of crime and dark comedy, showcasing Imamura’s early directorial finesse.
Imamura’s direction in “Endless Desire” reflects his early exploration of human nature’s darker aspects, with the characters, driven by desperation and desire, embodying the chaotic spirit of a nation recovering from war. The setting, a post-war Japanese landscape, serves as a silent character, influencing and shaping the events of the story. Imamura’s use of humor amidst bleak circumstances highlights the absurdity of their situation. Ultimately, this film marks a significant step in his early career, establishing themes and styles he would continue to explore in his later works.
9. The Pornographers (1966)
“The Pornographers” is an exploration of the life of Mr. Ogata, a man who produces illegal pornography in Osaka. Living with a widow and her two adult children, Ogata navigates the complexities of his illicit profession and his complicated personal relationships. His struggle to balance the demands of his underground work with the dynamics at home forms a critical aspect of the plot. The film captures the clash between traditional values and the emerging underground culture of the 1960s, making it one of the best Shōhei Imamura films of all time. Imamura uses this narrative to examine the multifaceted nature of human sexuality and desire.
This film is renowned for its bold commentary on the human condition and societal constraints, deeply exploring the psychological impact of living a life shrouded in secrecy and moral ambiguity. Imamura challenges the audience with his unorthodox portrayal of taboo subjects, using satire and surrealism to question conventional moral standards. The character of Mr. Ogata emerges as a complex figure, embodying the contradictions of his time. “The Pornographers” stands as a testament to Imamura’s bravery in addressing sensitive topics, making it a crucial entry in his filmography and a landmark in Japanese cinema.
8. The Eel (1997)
“The Eel” begins with a shocking incident in Chiba Prefecture, Japan, where Takuro Yamashita, acting on an anonymous tip, discovers his wife’s infidelity and responds with a tragic act of violence which leads to Yamashita’s imprisonment. Eight years later, he is released and tries to rebuild his life in a small village. He opens a barbershop, tends to his pet eel, and navigates the complexities of a small community with its own set of challenges. It is here that he also forms a connection with a woman who has survived a suicide attempt, bringing to light the parallel struggles and the possibility of mutual healing, reflecting his journey towards redemption and normalcy.
Imamura’s direction in “The Eel” presents a profound study of redemption and human resilience. The nuanced portrayal of Yamashita’s inner turmoil and his evolving relationships adds depth to the narrative. The film’s portrayal of Yamashita’s attempt to reintegrate into society, coupled with his unusual relationship with his pet eel, offers a unique perspective on loneliness and the pursuit of a second chance. Imamura’s storytelling is both sensitive and compelling, highlighting his ability to insert complex human emotions into a cohesive narrative. Also, the film subtly explores themes of forgiveness and understanding amidst the challenges faced by its characters. “The Eel” is not just a story of personal redemption, but also a commentary on the challenges of societal reintegration.
7. The Insect Woman (1963)
“The Insect Woman” chronicles the life of Tome Matsuki, born into poverty in the Tōhoku region in 1918. The film spans over 45 years, depicting Tome’s turbulent journey from her rural upbringing to becoming a madam in post-war Japan. Throughout her life, Tome encounters a variety of individuals whose influences shape her choices and destiny. Her path is marked by a series of hardships and morally ambiguous choices, including relationships with powerful men and a stint in prison, which significantly impact her life and those around her, particularly her daughter Nobuko. These experiences reveal the complex interplay between personal decisions and societal changes.
Imamura’s exploration of Tome’s life in “The Insect Woman” is a powerful narrative that examines the resilience and adaptability of its protagonist. His portrayal of Tome’s journey highlights the intersection of individual will and external circumstances. The film provides a raw and unfiltered look at the struggles faced by women in a rapidly changing society. Imamura’s approach to storytelling is characterized by a blend of realism and metaphor, using Tome’s life as a reflection of the broader societal transformations in Japan. This detailed portrayal makes “The Insect Woman” an emotional portrayal of human life and societal evolution. This film stands as a testament to Imamura’s skill in portraying complex characters and his deep understanding of the human condition, making it one of the best Shōhei Imamura films of all time.
6. Intentions of Murder (1964)
“Intentions of Murder” revolves around the life of Sadako, a young woman living in a complex household situation with her common-law husband Koichi and his son from a previous marriage. Sadako’s life is further complicated when she is assaulted by a burglar named Hiraoka, leading to a series of events that challenge her resolve and self-worth. Throughout the film, Sadako’s character is explored in depth, as she faces and reacts to the extreme circumstances surrounding her, offering a complex portrayal of a woman grappling with her reality. Her struggle symbolizes the broader societal issues of the era, reflecting on themes of oppression and resilience.
Imamura’s film here is a deep exploration of character and societal roles, particularly focusing on a woman’s agency in challenging circumstances. Sadako’s journey is portrayed with a keen eye for emotional complexity, as she navigates through her troubled life. Imamura’s handling of difficult themes showcases his ability to create nuanced and compelling characters, making “Intentions of Murder” a critical study of human resilience and adaptability. The film is a poignant commentary on the female experience in a predominantly male-dominated society, with it;s narrative strength lying in its ability to provoke thought and reflection on the human condition.
5. Pigs and Battleships (1961)
“Pigs and Battleships” is set in the port town of Yokosuka, where the story follows Kinta, a young Yakuza member responsible for his gang’s pork distribution business, and his girlfriend Haruko, who works at a bar. The film portrays their tumultuous relationship against the backdrop of the American military presence in Japan and its influence on local life, including the criminal underworld. Kinta and Haruko navigate a world of moral ambiguity and societal change, experiencing the tension between old customs and the new order imposed by foreign influences, with their struggles offering a snapshot of a nation in transition.
This film is a stark portrayal of post-war Japan, exploring themes of cultural imperialism and societal change. “Pigs and Battleships” critically observes the impact of external forces on traditional Japanese society. Imamura uses the lives of Kinta and Haruko to highlight the complexities of personal ambition, survival, and identity in a rapidly evolving world. His narrative style blends dark humor with social critique, making “Pigs and Battleships” one of the best Shōhei Imamura films of all time. It underscores the struggle between maintaining one’s cultural identity and adapting to overpowering external influences. The film is notable for its raw, unfiltered depiction of life on the fringes of society, cementing Imamura’s reputation as a master of social commentary in cinema.
4. Vengeance Is Mine (1979)
“Vengeance Is Mine” begins with the arrest of Iwao Enokizu, a notorious serial killer, whose capture draws a massive crowd of journalists and onlookers. The film delves into Enokizu’s life through flashbacks, revealing his complex and violent past. These flashbacks offer insights into his troubled childhood and strained family relationships. The film starts with his initial crimes, showing how he deceives and murders two men, and then goes on the run, posing as a university professor. His path is marked by further deception and brutality, illustrating the progressive deterioration of his moral compass, showcasing a deep dive into his twisted psyche and the events that led him to become a serial killer.
This film stands out in Imamura’s filmography for its intense and unflinching examination of a criminal mind. The narrative raises questions about nature versus nurture in shaping a person’s destiny. It explores the depths of human depravity and the factors that can drive an individual to extreme acts. Imamura’s skillful narrative structure and character development create a gripping and unsettling viewing experience. “Vengeance Is Mine” is a masterful blend of psychological depth and storytelling, challenging viewers to confront uncomfortable truths about human nature, making it a significant entry in the annals of Japanese cinema.
3. Black Rain (1989)
“Black Rain” focuses on the life of Yasuko, a young woman living in Hiroshima during the time of the atomic bombing. The film captures the horrifying moment when the bomb is dropped, and Yasuko experiences the aftermath, including the infamous black rain, a fallout of the bombing. The depiction of her journey in the immediate aftermath exposes the raw emotional and physical toll of the event. She struggles to survive amidst the chaos and devastation, eventually reuniting with her uncle and aunt. The film portrays their journey through a city scarred by the atomic blast, underscoring the resilience of the human spirit amidst tragedy, highlighting the immense human suffering and destruction caused by the bombing.
Set five years after the bombing, “Black Rain” continues to follow Yasuko’s life as she faces the social stigma and health fears associated with being a survivor of the Hiroshima bombing, with her experiences reflecting the broader societal challenges in post-war Japan. Efforts to find her a husband are thwarted due to concerns about her exposure to radiation. Yasuko’s story is a reflection of the long-term effects of the bombing on individuals and society. Imamura’s film is a powerful commentary on the human cost of war and the enduring impact of nuclear devastation. Through Yasuko’s eyes, the film explores themes of hope and despair, love and loss. The narrative is both a historical document and a deeply personal tale, making “Black Rain” one of the best Shōhei Imamura films of all time
2. Profound Desires of the Gods (1968)
“Profound Desires of the Gods” carefully portrays the life on Kurage Island, focusing on the Futori family, known for their deep-rooted superstitions and complex relationships. The arrival of an engineer from Tokyo to oversee the creation of a well for a sugar mill disrupts the island’s equilibrium, serving as a catalyst for examining the clash of modernity and tradition. His presence ignites a series of conflicts and strange alliances, highlighting the tension between traditional island customs and modern influences. The interactions between the engineer and the islanders unveil a wide array of cultural and personal conflicts.
This film is a vivid depiction of isolated culture clashing with modernity. Imamura masterfully captures the essence of Kurage Island’s unique traditions, spirituality, and the turmoil brought upon by change. He delves into the psychological and societal impacts of these disruptions, making the film a compelling study piece. The film’s detailed narrative and captivating visuals offer a deep exploration of human nature and societal transformation, making it a standout in Imamura’s distinguished career. It challenges viewers to contemplate the complexities of cultural integration and the preservation of heritage.
1. The Ballad of Narayama (1983)
Set in a rural Japanese village in the 19th century, “The Ballad of Narayama” presents a deeply rooted custom where elders at the age of 70 are left to die in a remote mountain. The narrative revolves around Orin, a 69-year-old woman, who, in anticipation of her fate, resolves to put her family’s and village’s affairs in order. Throughout the film, Orin’s character embodies the virtues and hardships of rural life. Her actions include confronting moral challenges within her community and ensuring the well-being of her family, with her dedication to her loved ones future in the face of her own mortality being a central theme.
Imamura’s film is a profound meditation on tradition, mortality, and the human condition. The stark and unyielding portrayal of life in the village, combined with Orin’s dignified acceptance of her destiny, offers a compelling exploration of societal norms and personal resolve. The film also takes a look at the emotional complexities faced by those living under such harsh traditional laws and customs. “The Ballad of Narayama” is celebrated for its bold storytelling and depiction of life’s cyclical nature, securing its place as a masterpiece in the world of cinema and as one of the best Shōhei Imamura films of all time. His direction brings a raw and honest look at the beauty and brutality of human existence.
Summary
To summarise, here are the ten best Shōhei Imamura films of all time:
- Endless Desire (1958)
- The Pornographers (1966)
- The Eel (1997)
- The Insect Woman (1963)
- Intentions of Murder (1964)
- Pigs and Battleships (1961)
- Vengeance Is Mine (1979)
- Black Rain (1989)
- Profound Desires of the Gods (1968)
- The Ballad of Narayama (1983)
