In the 1940s, Japanese cinema experienced a remarkable transformation, producing a wealth of films that not only captivated audiences but also showcased the diverse talents of its filmmakers. This decade, marked by the turmoil of World War II and its aftermath, saw directors navigating the complex landscape of a changing nation, while exploring a broad range of themes and narrative styles. From the intricacies of human relationships and the dynamics of family life to depictions of societal challenges and moral dilemmas, these films offer a window into the soul of a nation at a pivotal point in its history. Without further ado, let’s take a look at the ten best Japanese films of the 40s.
10. The Invisible Man Appears – Shigehiro Fukushima, Shinsei Adachi (1949)
“The Invisible Man Appears,” a science fiction film directed by the talented duo of Shigehiro Fukushima and Shinsei Adachi, presents a captivating narrative that revolves around an ambitious scientist who makes a groundbreaking discovery by developing an invisibility formula. This remarkable scientific breakthrough takes a dark turn as it soon becomes a coveted tool for individuals driven by greed and a thirst for revenge. As the plot progresses, the Invisible Man finds himself entangled in a complex and dangerous web of theft and deceit, navigating through a series of unforeseen challenges and moral dilemmas.
This film is notably for its pioneering special effects, which were quite revolutionary for their time, setting a new standard in visual storytelling. It serves not only as a showcase of early Japanese science fiction cinema but also reflects the significant societal shifts in post-war Japan. The narrative skillfully explores deep themes of morality and the far-reaching consequences of unchecked scientific advancement. “The Invisible Man Appears” seamlessly blends electrifying elements of science fiction with insightful social commentary, presenting a thought-provoking narrative that resonates with audiences even today.
9. Sanshiro Sugata – Akira Kurosawa (1943)
“Sanshiro Sugata,” directed by Akira Kurosawa, marks the arrival of one of cinema’s most influential directors of all time. Set in the time of late 19th century Japan, the film narrates the story of a young, spirited man named Sanshiro, who finds himself drawn to the disciplined world of Judo. His journey becomes a profound quest for personal growth and a deeper understanding of the philosophical and spiritual essence of martial arts. Throughout the film, we witness the exploration of Sanshiro’s many struggles and triumphs as he navigates the numerous challenges and moral dilemmas that cross his path in the martial arts world.
Kurosawa’s groundbreaking direction combines exhilarating action sequences with a deeply nuanced portrayal of character development. The film thoughtfully reflects on themes such as the importance of discipline, the cultivation of respect, and the fulfilling journey towards achieving self-mastery. “Sanshiro Sugata” has garnered widespread acclaim for its innovative cinematic techniques and compelling storytelling, ensuring its place as one of the best Japanese films of the 40s. It remains a timeless classic, illustrating Kurosawa’s emerging and influential style that would eventually leave a lasting mark on global cinema.
8. There Was a Father – Yasujirō Ozu (1942)
In “There Was a Father,” directed by Yasujirō Ozu, the plot focuses on a dedicated schoolteacher who, after being deeply affected by a tragic accident, makes the heart-wrenching decision to resign from his job. His sole aim is to ensure the safety and well-being of his son, a decision that profoundly shapes both their lives. The film traces the evolution of their relationship over the years, highlighting the father’s numerous sacrifices and the impact of his decisions on their lives. This narrative serves as a powerful exploration of themes such as duty, responsibility, and the emotional distances that can unexpectedly develop in even the closest of relationships.
Ozu’s masterful direction shines brightly in his thoughtful use of composition and pacing, which conveys the depth of the characters’ experiences and emotions. The film is renowned for its calm, reflective style, a signature of Ozu’s filmmaking, allowing viewers to engage deeply with the characters’ inner worlds and personal journeys. It offers a thought-provoking look into the complexities of parent-child relationships, exploring the difficult choices parents make for the sake of their children’s future. “There Was a Father” stands as a powerful testament to Ozu’s unparalleled ability to capture the essence of human emotions and the small details of everyday life.
7. Women of the Night – Kenji Mizoguchi (1948)
“Women of the Night,” directed by Kenji Mizoguchi, is a film that explores the turbulent lives of two sisters fighting to survive in the challenging landscape of post-war Osaka. Their harrowing journey, containing the severe hardships of poverty and the relentless force of desperation, leads them into the darker areas of society. The film presents a raw and unflinching look at the challenges faced by women in a rapidly changing and often harshly unforgiving society. It thoughtfully explores complex themes of survival, the quest for dignity in the face of adversity, and the profound and lasting impact of war on the individual psyche.
Under Mizoguchi’s direction, the film is filled with a stark realism, particularly in its portrayal of the psychological and emotional states of its central characters. “Women of the Night” is notable for its honest portrayal of the struggles and adversities faced by women during this era. It addresses the harsh realities and societal upheavals of post-war Japan, which significantly affected the lives and destinies of many individuals. As a powerful and moving cinematic work, “Women of the Night” stands as a testament to Mizoguchi’s ability to portray complex human experiences with profound empathy, making it one of the best Japanese films of the 40s.
6. One Wonderful Sunday – Akira Kurosawa (1947)
“One Wonderful Sunday,” directed by Akira Kurosawa, presents a heartfelt story of a young couple navigating the complexities of post-war Tokyo. With very little money to their names, they spend an entire day together, striving to make the most of their limited resources in a city still reeling from the aftermath of war. Their journey, winding through the streets of Tokyo, is filled with moments of simple joys and inevitable disappointments, reflecting the harsh and unforgiving realities of life in a war-torn society. The film beautifully balances these struggles with moments of hope and joy, portraying the unyielding resilience and enduring spirit of the human heart.
Kurosawa’s direction in “One Wonderful Sunday” brings his typical focus on the emotional states of his characters. The film focuses on themes such as the power of love, the light of hope, and the struggle to find happiness amidst challenging circumstances. It presents a candid depiction of post-war Japan, capturing both the formidable challenges faced by its people and their undying optimism in the face of adversity. “One Wonderful Sunday” is particularly notable for its remarkable ability to capture the essence of a moment in time, offering an intimate window into the lives of ordinary people.
5. Ornamental Hairpin – Hiroshi Shimizu (1941)
“Ornamental Hairpin,” directed by Hiroshi Shimizu, revolves around a series of encounters at a picturesque hot spring resort, all set into motion by the discovery of an ornate woman’s hairpin. The film brings together the diverse stories of the resort’s guests, with a particular focus on their interactions and the blossoming romance between a soldier and the owner of the hairpin. This gentle narrative addresses profound themes of human connection, the deep-seated longing for companionship, and the inherently transient nature of human relationships. Shimizu’s film is a beautiful display of emotions and the fleeting moments that define our lives.
Shimizu’s unique style in this film is characterized by his poetic storytelling approach and the strategic use of the natural landscape, which greatly enhances the narrative’s emotional depth and visual appeal. The film is celebrated for its understated yet deeply impactful exploration of human emotions and the relationships that bind us. It offers a powerful portrayal of the complexities of human connections, set against the backdrop of a world on the cusp of significant change. “Ornamental Hairpin” stands out for its exquisite cinematography and the delicate portrayal of its characters, ensuring its place as one of the best Japanese films of the 40s.
4. Drunken Angel – Akira Kurosawa (1948)
“Drunken Angel,” another entry directed by Akira Kurosawa, tells the story of an alcoholic doctor navigating the complexities of post-war Japan and his conflict-ridden relationship with a young yakuza afflicted with tuberculosis. The narrative takes place in a squalid Tokyo district, a setting full of decay and desperation, where the doctor’s attempts to treat the gangster’s illness are consistently met with hostility. This gritty drama explores themes of redemption, the reality of mortality, and the relentless struggle against one’s own inner demons and vices. The film is particularly noted for its raw portrayal of the post-war Japanese underworld and the people within it.
Kurosawa’s filmmaking prowess is evident in his use of stark, contrasting imagery, which powerfully illustrates the intense internal conflicts and turmoil experienced by his characters. The film insightfully examines post-war societal issues, encompassing themes like crime, illness, and the struggle for survival in a world that is rapidly evolving. The dynamic relationship between the doctor and the yakuza provides a compelling study of character, moral ambiguity, and the complexities of human nature. “Drunken Angel” is celebrated not only for its profound character development and atmospheric setting but also for its deeply impactful narrative.
3. The 47 Ronin – Kenji Mizoguchi (1941)
“The 47 Ronin,” a historical drama directed by Kenji Mizoguchi, is based on a Japanese tale that has resonated through the ages. The film chronicles the story of a group of samurai who are thrust into the life of ronin (masterless samurai) after their lord is tragically forced to commit ritual suicide due to the machinations of a corrupt court official. Fueled by a deep sense of loyalty and an unwavering commitment to honor, these ronin strategically plan their revenge against the court official responsible for their lord’s downfall. This classic narrative takes a look at themes of loyalty, honor, and the dedication of the samurai to uphold the legacy and honor of their fallen master.
Mizoguchi’s unique approach to this legendary story is characterized by his deep focus on the emotional depth and moral complexity of his characters. The film stands out due to its detailed period settings and costumes, which brings the Edo period to life with a remarkable level of authenticity and a keen attention to historical detail. It invites viewers on a cinematic journey into the very heart of samurai ethics and the concept of bushido. “The 47 Ronin” is renowned not only for its compelling storytelling and historical accuracy but also for the profound depth of its human drama, solidifying its place as one of the best Japanese films of the 40s.
2. Stray Dog – Akira Kurosawa (1949)
In “Stray Dog,” yet another entry by Akira Kurosawa, the narrative follows the plight of a young detective in the post-war landscape of Tokyo, who faces the misfortune of losing his pistol to a pickpocket. What ensues is a desperate journey as the detective, alongside his seasoned partner, track down the lost firearm across the city. This intense pursuit leads them into the underbelly of Tokyo, exposing various societal environments, all grappling with the lingering aftermath and upheaval of war. The film blends elements of crime drama with in-depth character study, exploring complex themes such as the burden of guilt, the heavy weight of responsibility, and the ambiguous lines that separate good from evil.
Kurosawa’s direction in “Stray Dog” brings his signature storytelling style and deep character analysis. It stands out due to its portrayal of the psychological impact and inner turmoil experienced by the detective following his loss, alongside the moral complexities and ethical dilemmas he confronts during his quest. The film offers a depiction of a city undergoing a profound transition, capturing the challenges of maintaining justice and order amidst the chaos and uncertainty of a society in flux. “Stray Dog” stands as a testament to Kurosawa’s exceptional ability to fill narratives with thematic depth, securing its place as a landmark film in his career.
1. Late Spring – Yasujirō Ozu (1949)
“Late Spring,” directed by Yasujirō Ozu, focuses on the life of a widowed professor and his loving daughter in the context of post-war Japan. The plot unfolds as the daughter, deeply devoted to her father, confronts the looming prospect of marriage, an event that threatens to transform their harmonious relationship. This contemplative drama explores themes of family dynamics, the enduring weight of tradition, and the inevitable, often bittersweet changes that accompany the passage of time. The film is celebrated for its insightful examination of the deep, complex bonds between parent and child and the transition from one pivotal life stage to another.
Ozu’s signature style in “Late Spring” is evident in his understated, minimalist approach and the film’s serene, measured pacing, which together create an immersive viewing experience. The movie captures the nuanced emotions of its characters and the understated beauty found in the simplicity of everyday life. It presents a thoughtful portrayal of the personal dilemmas and emotional conflicts faced by individuals caught amidst cultural shifts and the inevitable flow of time. “Late Spring” is noted for its profound emotional depth, elegant simplicity, and Ozu’s distinctive narrative approach, solidifying its place as one of the best Japanese films of the 40s.
Summary
To summarise, here are the ten best Japanese films of the 40s:
- The Invisible Man Appears – Shigehiro Fukushima, Shinsei Adachi (1949)
- Sanshiro Sugata – Akira Kurosawa (1943)
- There Was a Father – Yasujirō Ozu (1942)
- Women of the Night – Kenji Mizoguchi (1948)
- One Wonderful Sunday – Akira Kurosawa (1947)
- Ornamental Hairpin – Hiroshi Shimizu (1941)
- Drunken Angel – Akira Kurosawa (1948)
- The 47 Ronin – Kenji Mizoguchi (1941)
- Stray Dog – Akira Kurosawa (1949)
- Late Spring – Yasujirō Ozu (1949)
